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DVB Demux Kernel API

The demux kernel API gives access to the demuxer of the DVB hardware to other kernel modules which implement devices like the demux device or generic DVB network devices.

The function calls defined in the include file demux.h are described in detail below:

Demux Directory API

The demux directory is a Linux kernel-wide facility for registering and accessing the MPEG-2 TS demuxes in the system. Run-time registering and unregistering of demux drivers is possible using this API.

All demux drivers in the directory implement the abstract interface dmx_demux_t.

int dmx_register_demux ( dmx_demux_t* demux )

    Description

	This function makes a demux driver interface available to the Linux kernel. 
	It is usually called by the init_module() function of the kernel module that
	contains the demux driver. The caller of this function is responsible for 
	allocating dynamic or static memory for the demux structure and for initializing
	its fields before calling this function. 
	The memory allocated for the demux structure must not be freed before calling
        dmx_unregister_demux(),

    Returns
    
	0				The command was successfully performed.

        -EEXIST                         A demux with the same value of the id field
                                        already stored in the directory.

        -ENOSPC                         No space left in the directory.




int dmx_unregister_demux ( dmx_demux_t* demux )

    Parameters

	dmx_demux_t* demux	    I/O Pointer to the demux API and instance variables.

    Description

	This function is called to indicate that the given demux interface is no longer
	available. The caller of this function is responsible for freeing the memory of
	the demux structure, if it was dynamically allocated before calling 
	dmx_register_demux().
	The cleanup_module() function of the kernel module that contains the demux 
	driver should call this function. Note that this function fails if the demux 
	is currently in use, i.e., release_demux() has not been called for the 
	interface.

    Returns

	0				The command was successfully performed.

        -ENODEV                         No such demux registered.

        -EBUSY                          Demux is currently in use.




struct list_head* dmx_get_demuxes ()

    Description

	Provides the caller with the list of registered demux interfaces, using the 
	standard list structure defined in the include file linux/list.h. 
	The include file demux.h defines the macro DMX_DIR_ENTRY() for converting an 
	element of the generic type struct list_head* to the type dmx_demux_t*.
        The caller must not free the memory of any of the elements obtained via this
	function call.

    Returns

	A list of demux interfaces, or NULL in the case of an empty list.



Demux API

The demux API should be implemented for each demux in the system. It is used to select the TS source of a demux and to manage the demux resources. When the demux client allocates a resource via the demux API, it receives a pointer to the API of that resource.

Each demux receives its TS input from a DVB front-end or from the memory, as set via the demux API. In a system with more than one front-end, the API can be used to select one of the DVB front-ends as a TS source for a demux, unless this is fixed in the HW platform. The demux API only controls front-ends regarding their connections with demuxes; the APIs used to set the other front-end parameters, such as tuning, are not defined in this document.

The functions that implement the abstract interface demux_t should be defined static or module private and registered to the Demux Directory for external access. It is not necessary to implement every function in the demux_t struct, however (for example, a demux interface might support Section filtering, but not TS or PES filtering). The API client is expected to check the value of any function pointer before calling the function: the value of NULL means "function not available".

Whenever the functions of the demux API modify shared data, the possibilities of lost update and race condition problems should be addressed, e.g. by protecting parts of code with mutexes. This is especially important on multi-processor hosts.

Note that functions called from a bottom half context must not sleep, at least in the 2.2.x kernels. Even a simple memory allocation can result in a kernel thread being put to sleep if swapping is needed. For example, the Linux kernel calls the functions of a network device interface from a bottom half context. Thus, if a demux API function is called from network device code, the function must not sleep.


int open ( demux_t* demux )


    Parameters
    
	demux_t* demux		      I Pointer to the demux API and instance data.

    Description

	This function reserves the demux for use by the caller and, if necessary, 
	initializes the demux. When the demux is no longer needed, the function close()
	should be called.
        It should be possible for multiple clients to access the demux at the same time.
	Thus, the function implementation should increment the demux usage count when 
	open() is called and decrement it when close() is called.

    Returns

	0				The command was successfully performed.

        -EUSERS                         Maximum usage count reached.

        -EINVAL                         Bad parameter.




int close ( demux_t* demux )

    Parameters

	demux_t* demux		      I Pointer to the demux API and instance data.

    Description

	The function is called to indicate that the API client does not need to use 
	the demux anymore. As a result of this function, the demux usage count is 
	decremented by one.
        When the usage count drops to zero, any demux resources can be released.

    Returns

	0				The command was successfully performed.

        -ENODEV                         The demux was not in use.

        -EINVAL                         Bad parameter.




int write ( demux_t* demux, const char* buf, size_t count)    

    Parameters

	demux_t* demux		    I/O Pointer to the demux API and instance data.

        const char* buf               I Pointer to the TS data in kernel-space memory.

        size_t length                 I Length of the TS data.



    Description

	This function provides the demux driver with a memory buffer containing TS 
	packets. Instead of receiving TS packets from the DVB front-end, the demux 
	driver software will read packets from the memory. Any clients of this demux 
	with active TS, PES or Section filters will receive filtered data via the Demux
	callback API (see 0). The function returns when all the data in the buffer has
	been consumed by the demux.
	Demux hardware typically cannot read TS from the memory. If this is the case,
        memory-based filtering has to be implemented entirely in software.

    Returns

	0				The command was successfully performed.

        -ENOSYS                         The command is not implemented.

        -EINVAL                         Bad parameter.




int allocate_ts_feed ( dmx_demux_t* demux, dmx_ts_feed_t** feed, dmx_ts_cb callback )

    Parameters

	demux_t* demux		    I/O Pointer to the demux API and instance data.

        dmx_ts_feed_t** feed          O Pointer to the TS feed API and instance data.

        dmx_ts_cb callback            I Pointer to the callback function for
                                        passing received TS packet

    Description

	Allocates a new TS feed, which is used to filter the TS packets carrying a 
	certain PID.
        The TS feed normally corresponds to a hardware PID filter on the demux chip.

    Returns

	0				The command was successfully performed.

        -EBUSY                          No more TS feeds available.
 
	-ENOSYS                         The command is not implemented.

        -EINVAL                         Bad parameters.



int release_ts_feed ( dmx_demux_t* demux, dmx_ts_feed_t* feed)

    Parameters

             dmx_demux_t* demux                        I/O Pointer to the demux API and
                                                             instance data.
             dmx_ts_feed_t* feed                       I     Pointer to the TS feed API and
                                                             instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Releases the resources allocated with allocate_ts_feed(). Any filtering in progress
            on the TS feed should be stopped before calling this function.

            Function Returns
             0                                         The command was successfully performed.
             -EINVAL                                   Bad parameters.

allocate_pes_feed()

            TBD



release_pes_feed()

            TBD



int allocate_section_feed ( dmx_demux_t* demux,
             dmx_section_feed_t** 
                                                                            feed,
                                                dmx_section_cb callback )

            Function Parameters
             demux_t* demux                            I/O Pointer to the demux API and
                                                             instance data.
             dmx_section_feed_t** feed                 O     Pointer to the section feed API and

                                                                instance data.
             dmx_section_cb callback                  I         Pointer to the callback function for
                                                                passing received sections

            Function Detailed Description
            Allocates a new section feed, i.e. a demux resource for filtering and receiving sections.
            On platforms with hardware support for section filtering, a section feed is directly
            mapped to the demux HW. On other platforms, TS packets are first PID filtered in
            hardware and a hardware section filter then emulated in software.
            The caller obtains an API pointer of type dmx_section_feed_t as an out parameter.
            Using this API the caller can set filtering parameters and start receiving sections.

            Function Returns
             0                                        The command was successfully performed.
             -EBUSY                                   No more section feeds available.
             -ENOSYS                                  The command is not implemented.
             -EINVAL                                  Bad parameters.


int release_section_feed ( dmx_demux_t* demux,
             dmx_section_feed_t* 
                                                                          feed 
                                                                                  )
            Function Parameters
             dmx_demux_t* demux                            I/O Pointer to the demux API and
                                                                  instance data.
             dmx_section_feed_t* feed                      I      Pointer to the section feed API and
                                                                  instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Releases the resources allocated with allocate_section_feed(), including allocated
            filters. Any filtering in progress on the section feed should be stopped before calling
            this function.

            Function Returns
             0                                        The command was successfully performed.
             -EINVAL                                  Bad parameters.



int descramble_mac_address ( dmx_demux_t* demux,
             __u8* 
                                                            buffer1,
             size_t 
                                                             buffer1_length,
                                                   __u8* buffer2,
             size_t 
                                                             buffer2_length,
                                                   __u16 pid )
            Function Parameters
             dmx_demux_t* demux                             I/O Pointer to the demux API and
                                                                   instance data.
             __u8* buffer1                                  I      Pointer to the first byte of the
                                                                   section.
             size_t buffer1_length                          I      Length of the section data,
                                                                   including headers and CRC, in
                                                                   buffer1.
             __u8* buffer2                                  I      Pointer to the tail of the section
                                                                   data, or NULL. The pointer has a
                                                                   non-NULL value if the section wraps
                                                                   past the end of a cyclic buffer.
             size_t buffer2_length                          I      Length of the section data,
                                                                   including headers and CRC, in
                                                                   buffer2
             __u16 pid                                      I      The PID on which the section was
                                                                   received. Useful for obtaining the
                                                                   descrambling key, e.g. from a DVB
                                                                   Common Access facility.

            Function Detailed Description
            This function runs a descrambling algorithm on the destination MAC address field of a
            DVB Datagram Section, replacing the original address with its unencrypted version.
            Otherwise, the description on the function descramble_section_payload() applies
            also to this function.

            Function Returns
             0                                         The command was successfully performed.
             -ENOSYS                                   No descrambling facility available.
             -EINVAL                                   Bad parameters.





int descramble_section_payload (           dmx_demux_t* demux,
             __u8* 
                                                                  buffer1,
             size_t 
                                                                   buffer1_length,
                                                       __u8* buffer2,
             size_t 
                                                                   buffer2_length,
                                                       __u16 pid )
            Function Parameters
             dmx_demux_t* demux                            I/O Pointer to the demux API and
                                                                  instance data.
             __u8* buffer1                                 I/O Pointer to the first byte of the
                                                                  section.
             size_t buffer1_length                         I      Length of the section data,
                                                                  including headers and CRC, in
                                                                  buffer1.
             __u8* buffer2                                 I      Pointer to the tail of the section
                                                                  data, or NULL. The pointer has a
                                                                  non-NULL value if the section wraps
                                                                  past the end of a cyclic buffer.
             size_t buffer2_length                         I      Length of the section data,
                                                                  including headers and CRC, in
                                                                  buffer2
             __u16 pid                                     I      The PID on which the section was
                                                                  received. Useful for obtaining the
                                                                  descrambling key, e.g. from a DVB
                                                                  Common Access facility.

            Function Detailed Description
            This function runs a descrambling algorithm on the payload of a DVB Datagram
            Section, replacing the original payload with its unencrypted version. The function will
            be called from the demux API implementation; the API client need not call this function
            directly.
            Section-level scrambling algorithms are currently standardized only for DVB-RCC
            (return channel over 2-directional cable TV network) systems. For all other DVB
            networks, encryption schemes are likely to be proprietary to each data broadcaster.
            Thus, it is expected that this function pointer will have the value of NULL (i.e., function
            not available) in most demux API implementations. Nevertheless, it should be possible
            to use the function pointer as a hook for dynamically adding a "plug-in" descrambling
            facility to a demux driver.


            While this function is not needed with hardware-based section descrambling, the
            descramble_section_payload function pointer can be used to override the default
            hardware-based descrambling algorithm: if the function pointer has a non-NULL value,
            the corresponding function should be used instead of any descrambling hardware.

            Function Returns
             0                                           The command was successfully performed.
             -ENOSYS                                     No descrambling facility available.
             -EINVAL                                     Bad parameters.



int add_frontend ( dmx_demux_t* demux,
             dmx_frontend_t* 
                                                          frontend);

            Function Parameters
             dmx_demux_t* demux                        I/O Pointer to the demux API and instance
                                                             data.
             dmx_frontend_t* frontend                  I/O Pointer to the front-end instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Registers a connectivity between a demux and a front-end, i.e., indicates that the
            demux can be connected via a call to connect_frontend() to use the given front-end
            as a TS source. The client of this function has to allocate dynamic or static memory for
            the frontend structure and initialize its fields  before calling this function.
            This function is normally called during the driver initialization. The caller must not free
            the memory of the frontend struct before successfully calling remove_frontend().

            Function Returns
             0                                      The command was successfully performed.
             -EEXIST                                A front-end with the same value of the id field
                                                    already registered.
             -EINUSE                                The demux is in use.
             -ENOMEM                                No more front-ends can be added.
             -EINVAL                                Bad parameters.


int remove_frontend ( dmx_demux_t* demux,
                                         dmx_frontend_t* frontend )
            Function Parameters
             dmx_demux_t* demux                   I/O       Pointer to the demux API and instance
                                                            data.
             dmx_frontend_t* frontend             I/O       Pointer to the front-end instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Indicates that the given front-end, registered by a call to add_frontend(), can no
            longer be connected as a TS source by this demux. The function should be called
            when a front-end driver or a demux driver is removed from the system. If the front-end
            is in use, the function fails with the return value of ­EBUSY.
            After succesfully calling this function, the caller can free the memory of the frontend
            struct if it was dynamically allocated before the add_frontend() operation.

            Function Returns
             0                                     The command was successfully performed.
             -EINVAL                               Bad parameters.
             -EBUSY                                The front-end is in use, i.e. a call to
                                                   connect_frontend() has not been followed by
                                                   a call to disconnect_frontend().



struct list_head* get_frontends ( dmx_demux_t* demux )
            Function Parameters
             dmx_demux_t* demux                             I    Pointer to the demux API and
                                                                 instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Provides the APIs of the front-ends that have been registered for this demux. Any of
            the front-ends obtained with this call can be used as a parameter for
            connect_frontend().


            The include file demux.h contains the macro DMX_FE_ENTRY() for converting an
            element of the generic type struct list_head* to the type dmx_frontend_t*.
            The caller must not free the memory of any of the elements obtained via this function
            call.

            Function Returns
            A list of front-end interfaces, or NULL in the case of an empty list.


int connect_frontend ( dmx_demux_t* demux,
                                           dmx_frontend_t* frontend )
            Function Parameters
             dmx_demux_t* demux                   I/O       Pointer to the demux API and instance
                                                            data.
             dmx_frontend_t* frontend             I/O       Pointer to the front-end instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Connects the TS output of the front-end to the input of the demux. A demux can only
            be connected to a front-end registered to the demux with the function
            add_frontend().
            It may or may not be possible to connect multiple demuxes to the same front-end,
            depending on the capabilities of the HW platform. When not used, the front-end should
            be released by calling disconnect_frontend().

            Function Returns
             0                                     The command was successfully performed.
             -EINVAL                               Bad parameters.
             -EBUSY                                The front-end is in use.


int disconnect_frontend ( dmx_demux_t* demux )


            Function Parameters
             dmx_demux_t* demux               I/O Pointer to the demux API and instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Disconnects the demux and a front-end previously connected by a
            connect_frontend() call.

            Function Returns
             0                                        The command was successfully performed.
             -EINVAL                                  Bad parameters.


Demux Callback API

This kernel-space API comprises the callback functions that deliver filtered data to the demux client. Unlike the other APIs, these API functions are provided by the client and called from the demux code.

The function pointers of this abstract interface are not packed into a structure as in the other demux APIs, because the callback functions are registered and used independent of each other. As an example, it is possible for the API client to provide several callback functions for receiving TS packets and no callbacks for PES packets or sections.

The functions that implement the callback API need not be re-entrant: when a demux driver calls one of these functions, the driver is not allowed to call the function again before the original call returns. If a callback is triggered by a hardware interrupt, it is recommended to use the Linux "bottom half" mechanism or start a tasklet instead of making the callback function call directly from a hardware interrupt.

int dmx_ts_cb ( __u8* buffer1, size_t buffer1_length, 
		__u8* buffer2, size_t buffer2_length,
                dmx_ts_feed_t* source, dmx_success_t success )

    Parameters

	__u8* buffer1		      I Pointer to the start of the filtered TS packets.

        size_t buffer1_length         I Length of the TS data in buffer1.

        __u8* buffer2                 I Pointer to the tail of the filtered TS packets, or NULL.

        size_t buffer2_length         I Length of the TS data in buffer2.

        dmx_ts_feed_t* source         I Indicates which TS feed is the source of the callback.

        dmx_success_t success         I Indicates if there was an error in TS reception.

    Description

	This function, provided by the client of the demux API, is called from the 
	demux code. The function is only called when filtering on this TS feed has 
	been enabled using the start_filtering() function. If conflict resolution 
	is used (see Error! Reference source not found.), no callbacks are made to 
	clients that have been put "on hold" regarding a TS Feed resource.
        Any TS packets that match the filter settings are copied to a cyclic buffer. 
	The filtered TS packets are delivered to the client using this callback 
	function. The size of the cyclic buffer is controlled by the 
	circular_buffer_size parameter of the set() function in the TS Feed API. It is
	expected that the buffer1 and buffer2 callback parameters point to addresses 
	within the circular buffer, but other implementations are also
        possible. Note that the called party should not try to free the memory the
	buffer1 and buffer2 parameters point to.
        When this function is called, the buffer1 parameter typically points to the
	start of the first undelivered TS packet within a cyclic buffer. The buffer2 
	buffer parameter is normally NULL, except when the received TS packets have
	crossed the last address of the cyclic buffer and "wrapped" to the beginning
	of the buffer. In the latter case the buffer1 parameter would contain an 
	address within the cyclic buffer, while the buffer2 parameter would contain 
	the first address of the cyclic buffer.
        The number of bytes delivered with this function (i.e. buffer1_length  +
        buffer2_length) is usually equal to the value of callback_length parameter given
        in the set() function, with one exception: if a timeout occurs before receiving
        callback_length bytes of TS data, any undelivered packets are immediately
        delivered to the client by calling this function. The timeout duration is 
	controlled by the set() function in the TS Feed API.
        If a TS packet is received with errors that could not be fixed by the TS-level
	forward error correction (FEC), the Transport_error_indicator flag of the TS 
	packet header should be set. The TS packet should not be discarded, as the 
	error can possibly be corrected by a higher layer protocol.
        If the called party is slow in processing the callback, it is possible that 
	the circular buffer eventually fills up. If this happens, the demux driver 
	should discard any TS packets received while the buffer is full. The error 
	should be indicated to the client on the next callback by setting the success
	parameter to the value of DMX_OVERRUN_ERROR.

    Returns

	0				Continue filtering.

       -1                               Stop filtering - has the same effect as a call
                                        to stop_filtering() on the TS Feed API.




dmx_pes_cb()

	TBD


int dmx_section_cb ( __u8* buffer1,
             size_t 
                                                   buffer1_length,
             __u8* 
                                               buffer2,
                                 size_t buffer2_length,
             dmx_section_filter_t* 
                                                                      source,
                                       dmx_success_t success )

            Function Parameters
             __u8* buffer1                    I       Pointer to the start of the filtered section, e.g.
                                                      within the cyclic buffer of the demux driver.
             size_t buffer1_length            I       Length of the filtered section data in buffer1,
                                                      including headers and CRC.
             __u8* buffer2                            Pointer to the tail of the filtered section data, or
                                                      NULL. Useful to handle the wrapping of a cyclic
                                                      buffer.
             size_t buffer2_length                    Length of the filtered section data in buffer2,
                                                      including headers and CRC.
             dmx_section_filter_t*            I       Indicates the filter that triggered the callback.
             filter
             dmx_success_t success            I       Indicates if there was an error in section
                                                      reception.

            Function Detailed Description
            This function, provided by the client of the demux API, is called from the demux code.
            The function is only called when filtering of sections has been enabled using the
            function start_filtering() of the section feed API.
            When the demux driver has received a complete section that matches at least one
            section filter, the client is notified via this callback function. Normally this function is
            called for each received section; however, it is also possible to deliver multiple sections
            with one callback, for example when the system load is high.
            If an error occurs while receiving a section, this function should be called with the
            corresponding error type set in the success field, whether or not there is data to
            deliver.
            The Section Feed implementation should maintain a cyclic buffer for received sections.
            However, this is not necessary if the Section Feed API is implemented as a client of


            the TS Feed API, because the TS Feed implementation then buffers the
            received data.
            The size of the circular buffer can be configured using the set() function in the
            Section Feed API. If there is no room in the circular buffer when a new section is
            received, the section must be discarded. If this happens, the value of the success
            parameter should be DMX_OVERRUN_ERROR on the next callback.

            Function Returns
             0                                         Continue filtering.
             -1                                        Stop filtering - has the same effect as a call
                                                       to stop_filtering() on the Section Feed
                                                       API.

TS Feed API

A TS feed is typically mapped to a hardware PID filter on the demux chip. Using this API, the client can set the filtering properties to start/stop filtering TS packets on a particular TS feed. The API is defined as an abstract interface of the type dmx_ts_feed_t.

The functions that implement the interface should be defined static or module private. The client can get the handle of a TS feed API by calling the function allocate_ts_feed() in the demux API.


int set ( dmx_ts_feed_t* feed,
             __u16 
                                    pid,
                           size_t callback_length,
             size_t 
                                     cyclic_buffer_size,
             int 
                               descramble,
                           struct timespec timeout)

    Parameters

             dmx_ts_feed_t* feed                       I/O Pointer to the TS feed API and
                                                               instance data.
             __u16 pid                                 I       PID value to filter. Only the TS
                                                               packets carrying the specified PID will
                                                               be passed to the API client.
             size_t callback_length                    I       Number of bytes to deliver with each
                                                               call to the dmx_ts_cb() callback
                                                               function. The value of this
                                                               parameter should be a multiple of
                                                               188.

             size_t cyclic_buffer_size                    I     Size of the cyclic buffer for the filtered
                                                                TS packets.
             int descramble                               I     If non-zero, descramble the filtered
                                                                TS packets.
             struct timespec timeout                      I     Maximum time to wait before
                                                                delivering received TS packets to the
                                                                client.

            Function Detailed Description
            This function sets the parameters of a TS feed. Any filtering in progress on the TS feed
            must be stopped before calling this function.

            Function Returns
             0                                            The command was successfully performed.
             -ENOMEM                                      Not enough memory for the requested
                                                          buffer size.
             -ENOSYS                                      No descrambling facility available for TS
                                                          packets.
             -EINVAL                                      Bad parameters.


int start_filtering ( dmx_ts_feed_t* feed )

    Parameters
 
             dmx_ts_feed_t* feed                    I Pointer to the TS feed API and instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Starts filtering TS packets on this TS feed, according to its settings. The PID value to
            filter can be set by the API client. All matching TS packets are delivered
            asynchronously to the client, using the callback function registered with
            allocate_ts_feed().

            Function Returns
             0                                        The command was successfully performed.
             -EINVAL                                  Bad parameters.



int stop_filtering ( dmx_ts_feed_t* feed )

    Parameters

	dmx_ts_feed_t* feed	    I/O Pointer to the TS feed API and instance data.

    Description

	Stops filtering TS packets on this TS feed.

    Returns

	0				The command was successfully performed.

        -EINVAL                         Bad parameters.



PES Feed API

TBD

Section Feed API

A section feed is a resource consisting of a PID filter and a set of section filters. Using this API, the client can set the properties of a section feed and to start/stop filtering. The API is defined as an abstract interface of the type dmx_section_feed_t. The functions that implement the interface should be defined static or module private. The client can get the handle of a section feed API by calling the function allocate_section_feed() in the demux API.

On demux platforms that provide section filtering in hardware, the Section Feed API implementation provides a software wrapper for the demux hardware. Other platforms may support only PID filtering in hardware, requiring that TS packets are converted to sections in software. In the latter case the Section Feed API implementation can be a client of the TS Feed API.


int set ( dmx_section_feed_t* feed, __u16 pid, size_t circular_buffer_size, 
	  int descramble, int check_crc )

    Parameters

	dmx_section_feed_t* feed                  I/O Pointer to the section feed API and
                                                                instance data.
             __u16 pid                                I         PID value to filter; only the TS packets
                                                                carrying the specified PID will be
                                                                accepted.
             size_t circular_buffer_size              I         Size of the cyclic buffer for filtered
                                                                sections.
             int descramble                           I         If non-zero, descramble any sections
                                                                that are scrambled.
             int check_crc                            I         If non-zero, check  the CRC values of
                                                                filtered sections.

            Function Detailed Description
            This function sets the parameters of a section feed. Any filtering in progress on the
            section feed must be stopped before calling this function.
            If descrambling is enabled, the payload_scrambling_control and
            address_scrambling_control fields of received DVB datagram sections should be
            observed. If either one is non-zero, the section should be descrambled either in
            hardware or using the functions descramble_mac_address() and
            descramble_section_payload() of the demux API. Note that according to the
            MPEG-2 Systems specification [3], only the payloads of private sections can be
            scrambled while the rest of the section data must be sent in the clear.

            Function Returns
             0                                     The command was successfully performed.
             -ENOMEM                               Not enough memory available for the requested
                                                   buffer size.
             -ENOSYS                               No descrambling facility available for sections.
             -EINVAL                               Bad parameters.


int allocate_filter(dmx_section_feed_t* feed, dmx_section_filter_t** filter)

    Parameters
             dmx_section_feed_t* feed                      I/O Pointer to the section feed API and
                                                                 instance data.
             dmx_section_filter_t** filter                 O     Pointer to the allocated filter.


            Function Detailed Description
            This function is used to allocate a section filter on the demux. It should only be called
            when no filtering is in progress on this section feed. If a filter cannot be allocated, the
            function fails with -ENOSPC. See below for the format of the section filter struct provided
            as an out parameter:
                   typedef struct {
                           __u8 filter_value [DMX_MAX_FILTER_SIZE];
                           __u8 filter_mask [DMX_MAX_FILTER_SIZE];
                            struct dmx_section_feed_s* parent;  /* Back-pointer */
                           void* priv; /* Private data of the client */
                   } dmx_section_filter_t;

            The bitfields filter_mask and filter_value should only be modified when no
            filtering is in progress on this section feed. filter_mask controls which bits of
            filter_value are compared with the section headers/payload. On a binary value of 1
            in filter_mask, the corresponding bits are compared. The filter only accepts sections
            that are equal to filter_value in all the tested bit positions. Any changes to the
            values of filter_mask and filter_value are guaranteed to take effect only when
            the start_filtering()  function is called next time. The parent pointer in the struct
            is initialized by the API implementation to the value of the feed parameter. The priv
            pointer is not used by the API implementation, and can thus be freely utilized by the
            caller of this function. Any data pointed to by the priv pointer is available to the
            recipient of the dmx_section_cb() function call.
            While the maximum section filter length (DMX_MAX_FILTER_SIZE) is currently set at 16
            bytes, hardware filters of that size are not available on all platforms. Therefore, section
            filtering will often take place first in hardware, followed by filtering in software for the
            header bytes that were not covered by a hardware filter. The filter_mask field can be
            checked to determine how many bytes of the section filter are actually used, and if the
            hardware filter will suffice. Additionally, software-only section filters can optionally be
            allocated to clients when all hardware section filters are in use.
            Note that on most demux hardware it is not possible to filter on the section_length field
            of the section header ­ thus this field is ignored, even though it is included in
            filter_value and filter_mask fields.

            Function Returns
             0                                          The command was successfully performed.
             -ENOSPC                                    No filters of given type and length available.
             -EINVAL                                    Bad parameters.

int release_filter ( dmx_section_feed_t* feed, dmx_section_filter_t* filter)

    Parameters
             dmx_section_feed_t* feed I/O Pointer to the section feed API and instance
                                                       data.
             dmx_section_filter_t*              I/O Pointer to the instance data of a section filter.
             filter

            Function Detailed Description
            This function releases all the resources of a previously allocated section filter. The
            function should not be called while filtering is in progress on this section feed. After
            calling this function, the caller should not try to dereference the filter pointer.

            Function Returns
             0                                        The command was successfully performed.
             -ENODEV                                  No such filter allocated.
             -EINVAL                                  Bad parameters.

int start_filtering ( dmx_section_feed_t* feed )

    Parameters
             dmx_section_feed_t* feed                     I/O Pointer to the section feed API and
                                                                instance data.

            Function Detailed Description
            Starts filtering sections on this section feed, according to its settings. Sections are first
            filtered based on their PID and then matched with the section filters allocated for this
            feed. If the section matches the PID filter and at least one section filter, it is delivered
            to the API client. The section is delivered asynchronously using the callback function
            registered with allocate_section_feed().

            Function Returns
             0                                            The command was successfully performed.
             -EINVAL                                      Bad parameters.

int stop_filtering ( dmx_section_feed_t* feed )

    Parameters

	dmx_section_feed_t* feed	    I/O Pointer to the section feed API and instance data.

    Description

	Stops filtering sections on this section feed. Note that any changes to the 
	filtering parameters (filter_value, filter_mask, etc.) should only be made 
	when filtering is stopped.

    Returns

	0					The command was successfully performed.

        -EINVAL                                 Bad parameters.