looked over FAQ:

* some small markup changes
* Makefile support to build the html and txt version

CVS patchset: 5493
CVS date: 2003/10/12 19:03:41

1 files changed, 413 insertions, 460 deletions

diff --git a/doc/faq/faq.txt b/doc/faq/faq.txt
index 181770709..6ac2d25d2 100644
--- a/doc/faq/faq.txt
+++ b/doc/faq/faq.txt
@@ -5,116 +5,91 @@ Copyright © 2001-2003 the xine project team
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Table of Contents
-1. General questions about xine and this document
-   
-    What is the xine engine?
-    What's the aim and scope of this text?
-    My question is not yet covered here - where can I ask for help?
-    What are those xine-lib, xine-ui, gxine, ... modules in cvs for?
-    Where and how do I get the latest development version?
-    Where can I find pre-compiled binaries, e.g. RPMs?
-   
-2. Building and installing xine from source
+ 
    
-    What do I need to compile everything properly?
-    How do I compile xine?
+    General questions about xine and this document
        
-        Simple build instructions for beginners
-        Complete build instructions
+        What is the xine engine?
+        What's the aim and scope of this text?
+        My question is not yet covered here - where can I ask for help?
+        How do I pronounce "xine"?
+        What are those xine-lib, xine-ui, gxine, ... modules in cvs for?
+        Where and how do I get the latest development version?
+        Where can I find pre-compiled binaries, e.g. RPMs?
        
-    Making your own RPM packages (xine-lib, xine-ui)
-    Can I provide additional CFLAGS for compilation?
-    Are there binaries for my AMD K7 (Athlon (TM) ) available? Can I build
-        them?
-    Build problems: xine engine (xine-lib)
+    Building and installing xine from source
        
-        The package doesn't compile at all!
-        The Xv video-out plugin fails to compile!
+        What do I need to compile everything properly?
+        How do I compile xine?
+        Making your own RPM packages (xine-lib, xine-ui)
+        Can I provide additional CFLAGS for compilation?
+        Are there binaries for my AMD K7 (AthlonTM) available? Can I build
+            them?
+        Build problems: xine engine (xine-lib)
+        Build problems in frontends (gxine/xine-ui/...)
+        Can I install xine in my home directory (without being root)?
        
-    Build problems: frontend (gxine/xine-ui/...)
+    Playback of various stream types
        
-        I have installed xine-lib but the frontend complains about not finding
-            it!
+        DVD Playback with xine
+        Can I watch Video CDs (VCDs)? SVCDS ? CD-i?
+        Can I watch Quicktime (.mov, .mp4) files using xine?
+        Real Network files/streams
+        Can I watch Windows Media (.asf/.wmv/.wma) files using xine?
+        Can I watch Digital TV (Digital Video Broadcast) using xine?
+        How do I play streams from STDIN?
+        How can I watch files with external AVI subtitles?
        
-    Can I install xine in my home directory (without being root) ?
-   
-3. Playback of various stream types
-   
-    DVD Playback with xine
+    Running xine
        
-        How do I play back DVDs with xine?
-        DVD playback works, but it takes a long time until playback starts
-        I have problems setting up my RPC-2 drive for the right region!
+        I have a lot of dropped frames - what can I do?
+        Oki, xine doesn't drop frames now but video output still is not really
+            smooth!
+        I have problems when using xine on FreeBSD, Solaris, ... !
+        What is aalib? How do I use it in xine?
+        What do all these ~/.xine/config (~/.gxine/config) entries mean?
+        Does xine support my dxr3 / hollywood+ card?
        
-    Can I watch Video CDs (VCDs)? SVCDS ? CD-i?
-    Can I watch Quicktime (.mov, .mp4) files using xine?
-    Real Network files/streams
+    Audio related questions
        
-        Can I watch Real (.rm, .ram) files using xine ?
-        What about (live) network streams (pnm://, rtsp:// style urls) ?
+        What audio drivers does xine support? OSS? Alsa? Arts? Esd?
+        When I'm watching a movie, the sound effects are much higher in volume
+            than the voices!
+        When I play this stream, xine shows video but there's no audio!
+        Can xine produce 4-/5-channel surround audio output?
+        What about ac3 output via spdif to an external ac3 decoder?
+        Getting SPDIF output from a SBLive 5.1 using OSS drivers
+        Changing the volume with the GUI control has no effect! What's up!?
+        Audio is stuttering and i see a lot of "metronom: fixing sound card
+            drift by -2115 pts" on the console output
+        xine seems to lose sound arbitrarily during playback, especially with
+            DVDs
        
-    Can I watch Windows Media (.asf/.wmv) files using xine?
-    Can I watch Digital TV (Digital Video Broadcast) using xine ?
-    How do I play streams from STDIN?
-    How can I watch files with external AVI subtitles?
-   
-4. Running xine
-   
-    I have a lot of dropped frames - what can I do?
-    Oki, xine doesn't drop frames now but video output still is not really
-        smooth
-    I have problems when using xine on FreeBSD, Solaris, ... !
-    What is aalib? How do I use it in xine?
-    What do all these ~/.xine/config (~/.gxine/config) entries mean?
-    Does xine support my dxr3 / hollywood+ card?
-   
-5. Audio related questions
-   
-    What audio drivers does xine support? OSS? Alsa? Arts? Esd?
-    When I'm watching a movie, the sound effects are much higher volume than
-        the voices
-    When I play this stream, xine shows video but there's no audio!
-    Can xine produce 4-/5-channel surround audio output?
-    What about ac3 output via spdif to an external ac3 decoder?
-    Getting SPDIF output from a SBLive 5.1 using OSS drivers
+    Video related questions
        
-        Requirements
-        The OSS driver is maintained by creative and can be downloaded at http:
-            //opensource.creative.com/
-        Setting up xine for SPDIF (AC3_passthrough) output
-        The cable used for the SBLive can easily be self-made or buy a stereo
-            3.5mm jack to dual RCA cable.
+        I can hear the audio - but I don't see a picture!
+        How can I make xine use the Xv extension and what drivers do I need?
+        Some parts of my X Desktop get transparent when xine plays the video!
+        The aspect ratio of the video is wrong!
+        What is the difference between discarded and skipped frames?
+        My xine is runing in black and white! / I only get a gray video output!
+        Which is the best video driver to use?
        
-    Changing the volume with the GUI control has no effect! What's up!?
-    Audio is stuttering and i see a lot of "metronom: fixing sound card drift
-        by -2115 pts" on the console output
-    xine seems to lose sound arbitrarily during playback, especially with DVDs
-   
-6. Video related questions
-   
-    I can hear the audio - but I don't see a picture!
-    How can I make xine use the Xv extension and what drivers do I need?
-    Some parts of my X Desktop get transparent when xine plays the video!
-    The aspect ratio of the video is wrong!
-    What is the difference between discarded and skipped frames?
-    My xine is runing in black and white! / I only get a gray video output!
-    Which is the best video driver to use?
-   
-7. Error Messages: What they mean and what you can do
-   
-    Starting xine fails with complains about audio drivers/devices!
-    "no video port found"
-    "Unable to open dvd drive (/dev/dvd)"
-    "demux error! 00 00 00 (should be 0x000001)"
-    "audio driver 'oss' failed, using null driver instead"
-    "video_out: throwing away image with pts xxx because it's too old"
-    "No video plugin available to decode 'xxxxxx'."
-    "w32codec: decoder failed to start. Is 'xxxxxx' installed?"
-    xine just crashed on me - i didn't get any error message
-   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-Chapter 1. General questions about xine and this document
+    Error Messages: What they mean and what you can do
+       
+        Starting xine fails with complains about audio drivers/devices!
+        "no video port found"
+        "Unable to open dvd drive (/dev/dvd)"
+        My drive doesn't work and the kernel says "status=0x51 { DriveReady
+            SeekComplete Error }"
+        "demux error! 00 00 00 (should be 0x000001)"
+        "audio driver 'oss' failed, using null driver instead"
+        "video_out: throwing away image with pts xxx because it's too old"
+        "No video plugin available to decode 'xxxxxx'."
+        "w32codec: decoder failed to start. Is 'xxxxxx' installed?"
+        xine just crashed on me - i didn't get any error message
+       
+General questions about xine and this document
 
 What is the xine engine?
 
@@ -123,12 +98,19 @@ libarary and is typically used by media player frontends and other multimedia
 applications for playback of multimedia streams such as movies, radio/tv
 network streams, DVDs, VCDs.
 
+Since there are several frontends for the xine library available, this document
+has a problem when it comes to examples. The two most common frontends xine-ui
+and gxine are mixed in command line examples throughout this FAQ. When you use
+a different frontend, some of these will not work for you. The filename of the
+config file also varies amongst frontends. If you get confused, I recommend you
+try with one of xine-ui or gxine.
+
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 What's the aim and scope of this text?
 
 The primary goal of this FAQ is to cover all recurring questions related to the
-xine engine. Frontend specific questions are not covered here.
+xine engine. Frontend specific questions are usually not covered here.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -136,8 +118,8 @@ My question is not yet covered here - where can I ask for help?
 
 First of all be sure that your question is really not covered here and that you
 haven't just been a bit too lazy to read through all of this text. ;-). Also
-check out the xine HOWTO and documentation specific to the frontend (e.g. 
-xine-ui or gxine or totem ).
+check out the documentation specific to the frontend (e.g. xine-ui or gxine or 
+totem).
 
 That said - you are welcome to mail to our user mailing list: <
 xine-user@lists.sourceforge.net> Please provide some info about your setup so
@@ -150,47 +132,51 @@ any additional plugins you may have installed on your system.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+How do I pronounce "xine"?
+
+As long as people know what you are talking about, you are free to pronounce it
+the way you like, but the official pronounciation is [ksi:n], like the name
+"Maxine" with the "Ma" removed.
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 What are those xine-lib, xine-ui, gxine, ... modules in cvs for?
 
 Some time ago xine just became too complex to be just one big program.
 Therefore it was split into two major parts.
 
-xine-lib is simply speaking the engine of xine. It contains all plugins and is
-necessary to run anything that relies on xine (this is the part that is covered
-in this FAQ).
+xine-lib is simply speaking the engine of xine. It contains all basic plugins
+and is necessary to run anything that relies on xine. (This is the part that is
+covered in this FAQ.)
 
 Then there are frontends - applications that use xine. The most common frontend
 is that of a media player. There are currently two frontends being developed in
 the xine project, xine-ui (skinned dvd-player style frontend directly based on
 xlib) and gxine, a desktop media-player style frontend using the standard gtk
 widget set and comes with a mozilla browser plugin. External projects like
-sinek and totem develop additional frontends. In the future you will likely see
-more and different types of apllications being developed which will use the
-xine engine for video processing and other multimedia purposes.
+kaffeine, sinek and totem develop additional frontends. In the future you will
+likely see more and different types of applications being developed which will
+use the xine engine for video processing and other multimedia purposes.
 
 If you simply want a media/dvd player, you'll need to install xine-lib first
 and then choose and install a player frontend like xine-ui or gxine.
 
-Other modules in CVS: xine-plugin a mozilla browser plugin for streaming media
-playback using xine (at the time of this writing unmaintained and somewhat
-obsoleted by gxine's browser plugin), xine-www the xine project website
-sources.
+Other modules in CVS are: xine-plugin a mozilla browser plugin for streaming
+media playback using xine, xine-www the xine project website sources.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Where and how do I get the latest development version?
 
 Be advised that end-users should stick to the official xine releases. CVS is
-only intended for developers.
+only intended for developers and for others who know why they use it.
 
 To check out xine-modules from CVS, first do this:
+   cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.xine.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/xine login
+The password is empty, just press Enter.
 
-cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.xine.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/xine login [empty
-password]
-
-then, to check out individual modules (e.g. xine-lib, gxine, xine-ui):
-
-cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.xine.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/xine co modulename
+Then, to check out individual modules (e.g. xine-lib, gxine or xine-ui):
+   cvs -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.xine.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/xine co <modulename>
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -200,14 +186,15 @@ The xine project does not provide pre-compiled binaries for legal reasons (some
 parts of xine may be covered by patents in some countries). Some OS projects/
 vendors (e.g. debian, freebsd, ...) offer binaries for their distributions -
 please contact them for further info. You can also find links to third parties
-providing xine RPMs on the xine homepage : http://xine.sf.net/index.php/about
+providing xine RPMs on the xine homepage at http://xinehq.de/index.php/releases
+.
 
-See the next chapter of this FAQ for instructions on how to build xine from
+See the next section of this FAQ for instructions on how to build xine from
 source.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Chapter 2. Building and installing xine from source
+Building and installing xine from source
 
 What do I need to compile everything properly?
 
@@ -217,8 +204,8 @@ xine project.
 
 Furthermore you'll have to use GNU make to compile xine. On most GNU/Linux
 systems "make" is GNU make - on other platforms use "gmake" instead. Also, zlib
-iss required (including the appropriate header files, which are often found in
-a package called zlib-devel or similar.)
+is required (including the appropriate header files, which are often found in a
+package called zlib-devel or similar.)
 
 If you want to compile xine from CVS, you'll need to have the autobuild tools
 installed (automake, autoconf and libtool - in recent versions).
@@ -230,11 +217,13 @@ your system.
 
 Some plugins that come with the xine engine need additional libraries
 (otherwise they will not be built). For example, libogg and libvorbis (plus
-their include files) are needed for ogg/vorbis support.
+their include files) are needed for ogg/vorbis support. Most notably, if you
+want to see any video on your X11 desktop (and that's what you're here for,
+isn't it?), you need the XFree developer packages as well.
 
 Don't worry about this too much right now, xine's configure (see below) will
 check for all the stuff needed and will tell you what's missing (which means
-that you should check the output it produces carefully ;) )
+that you should check the output it produces carefully ;) ).
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -244,29 +233,22 @@ Simple build instructions for beginners
 
 Download the latest xine-lib and gxine/xine-ui tarballs, then follow these
 instruction. To unpack a tarball, use:
+   tar xfvz tarballname.tar.gz
 
-        tar xfvz tarballname.tar.gz
-      
-
-The following instructions will install xine in /usr/local for all users. You
-need root privileges to do this on most systems.
-
-First unpack xine-lib, then:
+The following instructions will install xine in /usr/local where it will be
+visible for all users. You need root privileges to do this on most systems.
 
-        ./configure
-        make install
-      
+After unpacking xine-lib, issue:
+   ./configure
+   make install
 
-Make sure your /etc/ld.so.conf contains /usr/local/lib, then:
-
-        ldconfig
-      
+Make sure your /etc/ld.so.conf contains /usr/local/lib and continue with:
+   ldconfig
 
 Now unpack your frontend (gxine or xine-ui or ...), then:
+   ./configure
+   make install
 
-        ./configure
-        make install
-      
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Complete build instructions
@@ -276,45 +258,39 @@ The build process is the same for all of the xine modules.
 You have to start with xine-lib. If built and installed successfully, you can
 continue with the frontend(s).
 
-If you have installed xine-lib to a non-standard prefix, make sure you that you
+If you have installed xine-lib to a non-standard prefix, make sure that you
 have $prefix/bin in your PATH and that your linker finds libs in $prefix/lib -
 otherwise trying to build modules that rely on xine-lib will fail with
 configure complaining about not finding certain parts of libxine. Using bash
 you can do something like:
-
-      export PATH="$prefix/bin:$PATH"
-      export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$prefix/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
-      
-
+   export PATH="$prefix/bin:$PATH"
+   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$prefix/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
 to make sure libxine can be found by the frontend(s).
 
 Last but not least. Here the build instructions. As stated earlier, those are
 the same for every xine module.
+   ./autogen.sh [-> *only* if you checked your sources out of CVS]
+   ./configure
+   make
+   make install
 
-      ./autogen.sh [-> *only* if you checked your sources out of CVS]
-      ./configure
-      make
-      make install
-      
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Making your own RPM packages (xine-lib, xine-ui)
 
 Basically you will only have to issue one command, if you have just downloaded
 a source tarball from our web site:
-
-rpm -ta THE_NAME_OF_YOUR_SOURCE_TAR_BALL
+   rpm -ta <THE_NAME_OF_YOUR_SOURCE_TAR_BALL>
 
 This will start the binary and source RPM building. After compiling is
-finished, a binary rpm is placed in your rpm binary directory which is usally /
-usr/src/RPM/RPMS/[YOUR_ARCHITECTURE] and a source RPM is written to your rpm
-source dir (e.g. /usr/src/RPM/SRPMS).
+finished, a binary rpm is placed in your rpm binary directory which is
+something like /usr/src/RPM/RPMS/<YOUR_ARCHITECTURE> and a source RPM is
+written to your rpm source dir (e.g. /usr/src/RPM/SRPMS).
 
 In case that you have a fresh CVS checkout, you will need to do the following
 first in order to get a tarball release out of it which you can later use with
 the rpm -ta command above:
-
-./autogen.sh && make clean && make dist
+   ./autogen.sh && make clean && make dist
 
 In any case, please keep in mind that you have to build and install xine-lib
 first before you can proceed with xine-ui.
@@ -323,28 +299,35 @@ first before you can proceed with xine-ui.
 
 Can I provide additional CFLAGS for compilation?
 
-Yes, you can do so by setting the CFLAGS variable and then run configure again.
+Yes, you can do so by setting the CFLAGS variable and then running configure
+again. You can even pass them to configure directly. Example:
+   ./configure CFLAGS="-march=i686"
 
-This can be useful to specify additional include paths or library paths to the
-compiler.
+Other user variables configure respects are:
 
-Example: export CFLAGS="-I/usr/include -L/home/guenter/xine_libs"
+  * CC to specify the compiler executable
+   
+  * CPP to specify the C preprocessor executable
+   
+  * LD to specify the linker executable
+   
+  * CPPFLAGS to pass additional include paths or other preprocessor options
+   
+  * LDFLAGS to pass additional library paths or other linker options
+   
+An example combining some of these would look like:
+   ./configure CC="/opt/intel/bin/icc" LD="/opt/intel/bin/xild" CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include/dvdnav" LDFLAGS="-L/home/guenter/xine_libs"
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Are there binaries for my AMD K7 (Athlon (TM) ) available? Can I build them?
+Are there binaries for my AMD K7 (AthlonTM) available? Can I build them?
 
 If you have a recent gcc you can try to compile "more" k7 support in (esp.
 better instruction scheduling). If the configure script should fail to detect
-your processor/gcc correctly, try setting the xine_BUILD envvar explicitly to a
-valid description string for your configuration, e.g.
+your processor/gcc correctly, try passing the canonical system name for your
+machine to configure with the --host option, e.g.
+   ./configure --host=k7-pc-linux-gnu
 
-    export xine_BUILD=k7-pc-linux-gnu
-    rm -f config.cache
-    ./autogen.sh
-    make
-    make install
-    
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Build problems: xine engine (xine-lib)
@@ -356,7 +339,7 @@ zlib compression library plus the appropriate headers, which are often found in
 a package called zlib-devel or similar.
 
 Read again carefully the output ./configure produced and/or compiler warnings
-and error reports, they often contain helpfull information to find out what's
+and error reports, they often contain helpful information to find out what's
 going on. If you're stuck here and decide to post your problem on the xine-user
 mailing list, make sure you include these outputs.
 
@@ -367,23 +350,21 @@ The Xv video-out plugin fails to compile!
 If you want to have Xv support compiled in, make sure you either have a shared
 Xv library on your system, e.g. ls /usr/X11R6/lib/libXv* should give you some
 .so libs, like this:
-          /usr/X11R6/lib/libXv.a
-          /usr/X11R6/lib/libXv.so
-          /usr/X11R6/lib/libXv.so.1
-        
+   /usr/X11R6/lib/libXv.a
+   /usr/X11R6/lib/libXv.so
+   /usr/X11R6/lib/libXv.so.1
 
 Alternatively you need to have libtool 1.4 or newer installed, then libXv.a is
 sufficient. Otherwise you can create the shared versions yourself:
-          ld --whole-archive -shared -o libXv.so.1 libXv.a
-          ln -s libXv.so.1 libXv.so
-          ldconfig
-        
+   ld --whole-archive -shared -o libXv.so.1 libXv.a
+   ln -s libXv.so.1 libXv.so
+   ldconfig
 
 Now you should be ready to build the Xv video-out plugin on your system.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Build problems: frontend (gxine/xine-ui/...)
+Build problems in frontends (gxine/xine-ui/...)
 
 I have installed xine-lib but the frontend complains about not finding it!
 
@@ -392,37 +373,33 @@ You will probably find your answer there right away.
 
 As stated there (there again that hint *grin*), make sure that you have $prefix
 /bin in your path and that your linker is able to find libraries installed in
-$prefix/lib (by the way, $prefix is where you installed your xine-lib to
-earlier (yes, installing xine-lib with make install would be a good idea before
-trying to compile the frontend ;)).
+$prefix/lib By the way, $prefix is where you installed your xine-lib to earlier
+(yes, installing xine-lib with make install would be a good idea before trying
+to compile the frontend ;) ).
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Can I install xine in my home directory (without being root) ?
-
-yes. first set up a subdir where you install your private software, eg
+Can I install xine in my home directory (without being root)?
 
-      $ mkdir ~/usr
-    
+Sure. First set up a subdir where you install your private software, eg.
+   mkdir ~/xine
 
-then you have to set a few environment variables - it's probably a good idea to
+Then you have to set a few environment variables - it's probably a good idea to
 add this to your ~/.bashrc (or somewhere similar):
+   export PATH="$HOME/xine/bin:$PATH"
+   export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$HOME/xine/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
 
-      export PATH="$HOME/usr/bin:$PATH"
-      export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$HOME/usr/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
-      export CFLAGS="-I$HOME/usr/include -L$HOME/usr/lib -O3"
-      export ACLOCAL_FLAGS="-I $HOME/usr/share/aclocal"
-    
-
-now you can unpack tarballs e.g. in ~/usr/src (mkdir ~/usr/src if necessary)
+Now you can unpack tarballs e.g. in ~/xine/src (mkdir ~/xine/src if necessary)
 and do a
+   ./configure --prefix=$HOME/xine
+   make install
+
+You also need to tell frontends using xine-lib, where to find it:
+   ./configure --prefix=$HOME/xine --with-xine-prefix=$HOME/xine
 
-      $ ./configure --prefix=$HOME/usr
-      $ make install
-    
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Chapter 3. Playback of various stream types
+Playback of various stream types
 
 DVD Playback with xine
 
@@ -436,42 +413,52 @@ To get DVD playback working, first make sure you have a symlink /dev/dvd
 pointing to your DVD device on your system. For example, if your DVD drive is
 the master ide drive on the second IDE channel, /dev/dvd should point to /dev/
 hdc. Please note that if you are using the ide-scsi emulation on your system,
-it is likely that you dvd drive got mapped to a scsi device node even though it
-is an ide drive. In that case first check out you boot/kernel logs (or run 
-cdrecord -scanbus ) to find out which device it got mapped to and set the
+it is likely that your DVD drive got mapped to a scsi device node even though
+it is an ide drive. In that case first check out you boot/kernel logs (or run 
+cdrecord -scanbus) to find out which device it got mapped to and set the
 symlink accordingly (should be something like /dev/scd0, /dev/scd1, ... in that
-case). Also make sure you (as a user) have sufficient (read) permissions on
-your dvd drive (this could mean you either have to change the device
-permissions or add your user to a special group (e.g. addgroup cdrom username),
-depending on your setup and/or distribution.
+case). Also make sure you (as a user) have sufficient (read and write)
+permissions on your DVD drive. This could mean you either have to change the
+device permissions or add your user to a special group (e.g. addgroup cdrom
+username), depending on your setup and/or distribution.
 
 It is highly recommended to switch DMA mode on for your DVD drive (without it
 even very recent machines will have trouble producing smooth video output). Use
-a command like hdparm -d 1 device on your dvd device. Please note that even if
-you're using ide-scsi you will have to set the dma flag on the ide device node
-(e.g. /dev/hdc), not the mapped /dev/scd scsi device.
-
-To be able to play back encrypted dvds you need to have libdvdcss installed on
-your system (please check if this is legal where you live).
-
-Newer (post-2000) dvd drives (so-called RPC-2 drives) check the dvd region,
-which means they'll prevent you from playing back dvds that have a different
-region code from what the drive is set up for (most drives come with a factory
-setting of region 0 so they can only play back region 0 dvds and there are not
-many of those available). The easiest way to handle this is to use the
-regionset utility from http://www.linuxtv.org/download/dvd/
-dvd_disc_20000215.tar.gz.
-
-Once you have everything set up, try something like gxine dvd:// or xine -p
-dvd:// to start dvd playback. Some frontend also offer so-called autoplay
-buttons or menu entries that start dvd playback immediately.
+a command like hdparm -d 1 <device> on your DVD device. Please note that even
+if you're using ide-scsi you will have to set the dma flag on the ide device
+node (e.g. /dev/hdc), not the mapped /dev/scd scsi device.
+
+To be able to play back encrypted DVDs you need to have libdvdcss installed on
+your system (please check if this is legal where you live). If you do not
+understand what the term "encrypted DVD" means here: As a rule of thumb, every
+DVD you have to pay money for is most likely encrypted.
+
+To make matters worse, apart from encryption, there is another obstacle to
+take: the region code. The DVD authorities decided to divide the world into
+eight geographical regions. Have a look at http://www.dvdforum.gr.jp/
+RegionMap.pdf if you want to know which number has been assigned to your
+country. It is now their idea, that you shall only play DVDs, which have been
+produced for your region. If you take a DVD off the shelf in your local store,
+you should find a little globe-like icon which shows the region code the disc
+is for.
+
+Newer (post-2000) DVD drives (so-called RPC-2 drives) check the DVD region,
+which means they'll prevent you from playing back DVDs that have a different
+region code from what the drive is set up for. Some drives come with a factory
+setting of region 0 so they can play back any DVD until a region code is set.
+Others refuse to play any DVD at all until they are told a region. The easiest
+way to handle this is to use the regionset utility from http://sourceforge.net/
+project/showfiles.php?group_id=31346&release_id=168415 .
+
+Once you have everything set up, try something like gxine dvd:/ or xine -p dvd:
+/ to start dvd playback. Some frontend also offer so-called autoplay buttons or
+menu entries that start dvd playback immediately.
 
 Important: do not try to mount the DVD. Just insert it and hit the DVD autoplay
 button or start xine from the command line.
 
 If things do not work as expected, try running the xine-check shellscript that
-comes with libxine to see if this gives you further hints on what could be
-wrong.
+comes with xine to see if this gives you further hints on what could be wrong.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -483,7 +470,7 @@ usually means a cryptographic attack (which takes time) has to be used to
 access the DVD.
 
 You can download a tool to set the region code of RPC-Drives here: http://
-linuxtv.org/download/dvd/dvd_disc_20000215_css.tar.gz
+sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=31346&release_id=168415 .
 
 Warning: Please be aware that the number of region code changes in RPC-2 drives
 is limited (usually about 5 times), after that your drive will stay locked to
@@ -494,7 +481,7 @@ the region you last set it up for.
 I have problems setting up my RPC-2 drive for the right region!
 
 You can download a tool to set the region code of RPC-Drives here: http://
-linuxtv.org/download/dvd/dvd_disc_20000215_css.tar.gz
+sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=31346&release_id=168415 .
 
 Warning: Please be aware that the number of region code changes in RPC-2 drives
 is limited (usually about 5 times), after that your drive will stay locked to
@@ -511,10 +498,8 @@ play back the (S)VCD.
 At the moment, CD-i formats are not supported by xine.
 
 Do not try to mount the (S)VCD. Simply insert it into your CDROM drive and hit
-the VCD autoplay button or start something like
-      gxine VCD://
-      
-from the command line.
+the VCD autoplay button or start something like gxine vcd:/ or xine vcd:/ from
+the command line.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -522,14 +507,14 @@ Can I watch Quicktime (.mov, .mp4) files using xine?
 
 Quicktime is just a system layer (container format) which can contain various
 different audio and video formats. The system layer itself is fully supported
-in xine. However, only very few typically used quicktime audio/video codecs are
-natively supported yet. Luckily, if you are using a x86 compatible machine (any
-recent PC hardware should do) you can install and use the original Quicktime
-DLLs and watch most streams (trailers) that can be downloaded from the net.
+in xine. However, some quicktime audio/video codecs are not natively supported
+yet. Luckily, if you are using a x86 compatible machine (any recent PC hardware
+should do) you can install and use the original Quicktime DLLs and watch most
+streams (trailers) that can be downloaded from the net.
 
 Possibly the most convenient way to get the Quicktime DLLs is to download them
-from the mplayer website http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/. The
-package is called "QuickTime5 DLLs". Unpack it and move everything you find
+from the mplayer website http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/ .
+The package is called "QuickTime6 DLLs". Unpack it and move everything you find
 inside to /usr/lib/win32 (actually you can place them anywhere you want, e.g.
 someplace in your homedirectory, but then you'll have to set codec.win32_path
 in your xine config file accordingly). Restart xine then and you should be able
@@ -539,10 +524,10 @@ to watch Quicktime trailers.
 
 Real Network files/streams
 
-Can I watch Real (.rm, .ram) files using xine ?
+Can I watch Real (.rm, .ram) files using xine?
 
 The situation with real files and streams is pretty similar to the situation
-with Quicktime Streams (see above). Most newer real audio and video formats are
+with Quicktime Streams (see above). The newer real audio and video formats are
 only supported by using binary-only codecs which are available from real
 networks but are not included in xine.
 
@@ -557,7 +542,7 @@ config file accordingly.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-What about (live) network streams (pnm://, rtsp:// style urls) ?
+What about (live) network streams (pnm://, rtsp:// style urls)?
 
 xine supports both pnm and rtsp streaming. However, digging out the actual pnm/
 rtsp url can be tricky as they're often packed into heavy JavaScript and HTML
@@ -571,15 +556,15 @@ actual pnm/rtsp url which can be opened using xine.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Can I watch Windows Media (.asf/.wmv) files using xine?
+Can I watch Windows Media (.asf/.wmv/.wma) files using xine?
 
 While the container format (system layer) ASF (wmv is just an alias) is fully
-supported in xine, for newer windows media 8 and 9 based streams you'll need to
+supported in xine, for newer windows media 9 based streams you'll need to
 install windows binary codecs (.DLLs).
 
 Possibly the most convenient way to get the windows DLLs is to download them
-from the mplayer website http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/. The
-package is called "Win32 Codecpack". Unpack it and move everything you find
+from the mplayer website http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/ .
+The package is called "Win32 Codecpack". Unpack it and move everything you find
 inside to /usr/lib/win32 (actually you can place them anywhere you want, e.g.
 someplace in your homedirectory, but then you'll have to set codec.win32_path
 in your xine config file accordingly). Restart xine then and you should be able
@@ -587,7 +572,7 @@ to watch windows media streams.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Can I watch Digital TV (Digital Video Broadcast) using xine ?
+Can I watch Digital TV (Digital Video Broadcast) using xine?
 
 At the time of this writing DVB support is a very new and experimental feature
 in xine. The number of supported cards is pretty limited at the moment. See doc
@@ -598,99 +583,90 @@ in xine. The number of supported cards is pretty limited at the moment. See doc
 How do I play streams from STDIN?
 
 Use something like:
-        cat stream.mpg | gxine stdin:/
-      
+   cat stream.mpg | gxine stdin:/
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 How can I watch files with external AVI subtitles?
 
 In xine 0.9.13 this used to be:
-        xine foo.avi%bar.sub
-      
+   xine foo.avi%bar.sub
 
 Latest xine-lib modules (1-beta3 or newer) support external subtitles for any
-media file, not only AVI. In order to use it you can pass an special MRL
+media file, not only AVI. In order to use it you can pass a special MRL
 construction like:
-        xine test.mpg#subtitle:file.sub
-      
+   xine test.mpg#subtitle:file.sub
 The external subtitles support can also be used by any xine frontend.
 Currently, just xine-ui implements this feature with a subtitle selection
-dialog (press control+shift+s to see it).
+dialog.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Chapter 4. Running xine
+Running xine
 
 I have a lot of dropped frames - what can I do?
 
 Your hardware might be too slow for xine. Make sure you turn on all speed
 optimizing options. A few things you should check (in order of importance):
 
-  * First of all, run the xine-check script included in xine-lib package
-    (probably already installed in your system). xine-check will report several
-    of the most common problems listed here. Sample output from xine-check:
-                  $ xine-check
-                  Please be patient, this script may take a while to run...
-                  [ good ] you're using Linux, doing specific tests
-                  [ good ] looks like you have a /proc filesystem mounted.
-                  [ good ] You seem to have a reasonable kernel version (2.4.18)
-                  [ good ] intel compatible processor, checking MTRR support
-                  [ good ] you have MTRR support and there are some ranges set.
-                  [ good ] found the player at /usr/local/bin/xine
-                  [ good ] /usr/local/bin/xine is in your PATH
-                  [ good ] found /usr/local/bin/xine-config in your PATH
-                  [ good ] plugin directory /usr/local/lib/xine/plugins exists.
-                  [ good ] found input plugins
-                  [ good ] found demux plugins
-                  [ good ] found decoder plugins
-                  [ good ] found video_out plugins
-                  [ good ] found audio_out plugins
-                  [ good ] skin directory /usr/local/share/xine/skins exists.
-                  [ good ] found logo in /usr/local/share/xine/skins
-                  [ good ] I even found some skins.
-                  [ good ] /dev/cdrom points to /dev/hdc
-                  [ good ] /dev/dvd points to /dev/hdc
-                  [ good ] DMA is enabled for your DVD drive
-                  [ good ] found xvinfo: X-Video Extension version 2.2
-                  [ good ] your Xv extension supports YUV overlays (improves MPEG performance)
-                  [ good ] your Xv extension supports packed YUV overlays
-                  [ good ] Xv ports:  YUY2 YV12 I420 UYVY      
-                
+  * First of all, run the xine-check script included in xine package (probably
+    already installed in your system). xine-check will report several of the
+    most common problems listed here. Sample output from xine-check:
+       xine-check
+       Please be patient, this script may take a while to run...
+       [ good ] you're using Linux, doing specific tests
+       [ good ] looks like you have a /proc filesystem mounted.
+       [ good ] You seem to have a reasonable kernel version (2.4.18)
+       [ good ] intel compatible processor, checking MTRR support
+       [ good ] you have MTRR support and there are some ranges set.
+       [ good ] found the player at /usr/local/bin/xine
+       [ good ] /usr/local/bin/xine is in your PATH
+       [ good ] found /usr/local/bin/xine-config in your PATH
+       [ good ] plugin directory /usr/local/lib/xine/plugins exists.
+       [ good ] found input plugins
+       [ good ] found demux plugins
+       [ good ] found decoder plugins
+       [ good ] found video_out plugins
+       [ good ] found audio_out plugins
+       [ good ] skin directory /usr/local/share/xine/skins exists.
+       [ good ] found logo in /usr/local/share/xine/skins
+       [ good ] I even found some skins.
+       [ good ] /dev/cdrom points to /dev/hdc
+       [ good ] /dev/dvd points to /dev/hdc
+       [ good ] DMA is enabled for your DVD drive
+       [ good ] found xvinfo: X-Video Extension version 2.2
+       [ good ] your Xv extension supports YUV overlays (improves MPEG performance)
+       [ good ] your Xv extension supports packed YUV overlays
+       [ good ] Xv ports:  YUY2 YV12 I420 UYVY
    
   * Try to use the Xv driver, it greatly improves performance and quality
-    because hardware does image scaling and color conversion. The video section
-    contains important information about several Xv drivers.
+    because your graphics card does image scaling and colorspace conversion.
+    The video section contains important information about several Xv drivers.
    
     If Xv cannot be used for some reason, make sure your display is set up to
     16bpp, not 24 or higher (reduces memory bandwith). Some Xv drivers may also
     have better performance with 16bpp.
    
   * Make sure the hard drive (or cdrom/dvd drive) which supplies the video data
-    is in DMA mode (if supported)
+    is in DMA mode (if supported).
    
-    On most linux-based systems, you can use hdparm to check this. Example:
-                  hdparm /dev/hda
-    
-                  ...
-                  using_dma    =  1 (on)
-                  ...
-            
+    On most linux-based systems, you can use hdparm to check this:
+       hdparm /dev/hda
+       [...]
+       using_dma    =  1 (on)
+       [...]
    
     You can enable DMA mode with the following command:
-                  hdparm -d1 device_of_your_drive_that_supplies_video_data
-            
+       hdparm -d1 device_of_your_drive_that_supplies_video_data
     In some cases where this fails it helps to specify the dma mode to use, for
     example:
-                  hdparm -d1 -X 66 device_of_your_drive_that_supplies_video_data
-            
+       hdparm -d1 -X 66 device_of_your_drive_that_supplies_video_data
     In RedHat 8.0 an additional entry in /etc/modules.conf
-              options ide-cd dma=1
-            
+       options ide-cd dma=1
     should help (reboot for this change to take effect).
    
     More information about this may be found here: http://oreilly.linux.com/pub
-    /a/linux/2000/06/29/hdparm.html
+    /a/linux/2000/06/29/hdparm.html .
    
   * Use a recent kernel which is optimized for your hardware. Old kernels may
     lack support for accelerated instructions like SSE, for example.
@@ -717,16 +693,16 @@ optimizing options. A few things you should check (in order of importance):
     Use the "top" utility and verify under the "NI" column if the X process has
     a negative value, this indicates a higher priority. See "The X Window User
     HOWTO - Performance considerations" for further instructions http://
-    www.tldp.org/HOWTO/XWindow-User-HOWTO/performance.html
+    www.tldp.org/HOWTO/XWindow-User-HOWTO/performance.html .
    
-  * Use the latest or a known-good gcc version.
+  * Use the latest or a known-good gcc version and build an optimized xine-lib
+    for your architecture.
    
   * Besides boosting X-server priority, sometimes it's possible to avoid
     discarding frames by making xine itself higher priority. This is not a
     recommended pratice since it will require to run xine as root, but you may
     give it a try if you want:
-                    nice --5 xine
-                  
+       nice --5 xine
    
   * xine needs high speed memory access which depends on your chip set. Make
     sure you enable all speed-improving options.
@@ -734,9 +710,7 @@ optimizing options. A few things you should check (in order of importance):
     Especially the via apollo pro chipset is known to be quite weird, (most of
     all on my gigabyte board). If you can't configure the ram access thoroughly
     using the bios you might want to try some really nasty tricks, as explained
-    on (for example):
-   
-    http://www.overclockers.com/tips105/index03.asp
+    on (for example): http://www.overclockers.com/tips105/index03.asp
    
     This website centers around a windows-tool to tweak the chipset, you can do
     the same on FreeBSD with pciconf. On some linux distributions there are
@@ -745,8 +719,13 @@ optimizing options. A few things you should check (in order of importance):
   * a nice performance tuning tool can be found here: http://
     powertweak.sourceforge.net
    
-  * Set up and use raw devices for dvd access. Please note that this is usually
-    not worth the effort as the performance gain from it is very small if any.
+  * Set up and use raw devices for DVD access. Please note that the actual
+    performance gain during playback is very small if any, but since raw
+    devices are bypassing the kernel's buffer cache, Linux will not try to
+    cache the DVDs you play. This would not be useful, because xine does its
+    own caching and you usually play DVDs sequentially, which means you won't
+    reuse anything from the cache. But the problem would be that Linux throws
+    everything out of the cache that might be in there.
    
     Raw devices should be available in linux kernel 2.4.x and there are patches
     for older kernels available from: ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/
@@ -754,40 +733,36 @@ optimizing options. A few things you should check (in order of importance):
    
     To use raw devices, first connect a free raw device to your dvd device, use
     something like:
-              raw /dev/raw1 /dev/hdc
-            
+       raw /dev/raw1 /dev/dvd
    
-    then create a link named "rdvd" pointing to that raw device:
-              raw /dev/raw1 /dev/hdc
-            
+    Then create a link named "rdvd" pointing to that raw device:
+       ln -s raw1 /dev/rdvd
    
   * For slow / high-latency dvd drives it might help to increase the number of
-    video buffers xine allocates. Try setting
-              video.num_buffers:500
-            
-    to a higher value (e.g. 1000 or 2500)
+    video buffers xine allocates. Try setting video.num_buffers:500 to a higher
+    value (e.g. 1000 or 2500).
    
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Oki, xine doesn't drop frames now but video output still is not really smooth
+Oki, xine doesn't drop frames now but video output still is not really smooth!
 
-video output can be further improved by tuning your linux kernel:
+Video output can be further improved by tuning your linux kernel:
 
-  * set HZ to 1000 in /usr/src/linux/include/asm-i386/param.h
+  * Set HZ to 1000 in /usr/src/linux/include/asm-i386/param.h
    
-  * try applying scheduler patches, especially the O(1) and the preemptive
+  * Try applying scheduler patches, especially the O(1) and the preemptive
     patches have proven useful at the time of this writing (spring 2003).
    
-linux 2.5/2.6 will probably have these improvements out of the box.
+Linux 2.5/2.6 will probably have these improvements out of the box.
 
 Miguel Freitas has written a nice article about his kernel multimedia
-experiments here.
+experiments .
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 I have problems when using xine on FreeBSD, Solaris, ... !
 
-Check out the the corresponding README files in the directory xine-lib/doc
+Check out the the corresponding README files in the directory xine-lib/doc.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -801,8 +776,7 @@ shell over ssh.
 To use it make sure you have aalib installed correctly before you configure/
 build xine-lib and xine-ui. In addition to the xine binary a binary named 
 aaxine should get built and installed. You can then use something like:
-        aaxine foo.mpg
-      
+   aaxine foo.mpg
 to use aalib video output.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -817,14 +791,14 @@ their documentation. Also the comments in the config file might help.
 
 Does xine support my dxr3 / hollywood+ card?
 
-while xine's focus is clearly on software decoding, the dxr3 is supported.
+While xine's focus is clearly on software decoding, the dxr3 is supported.
 
-you can find more information about using xine with the dxr3 here (also covers
+You can find more information about using xine with the dxr3 here (also covers
 how to do tv output using the dxr3).
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Chapter 5. Audio related questions
+Audio related questions
 
 What audio drivers does xine support? OSS? Alsa? Arts? Esd?
 
@@ -835,8 +809,8 @@ sync).
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-When I'm watching a movie, the sound effects are much higher volume than the
-voices
+When I'm watching a movie, the sound effects are much higher in volume than the
+voices!
 
 Congratulations, you seem to have an original movie audio track there.
 
@@ -847,18 +821,20 @@ Uhm. So you don't like it. Well, there are two things you can do:
     values are percent values, so a slider setting of 200 means that xine will
     double the volume of silent parts of the movie (loud parts stay the same).
    
+    If your frontend does not have such a compression slider, you can pass the
+    value with the MRL:
+       xine dvd:/#compression:150
+   
   * If you have a dolby digital (AC3) soundtrack, you can try to enable
-    liba52's dynamic range compression setting
-              codec.a52_dynrng:1
-            
-    in your xine config file (or use some gui config dialog).
+    liba52's dynamic range compression setting codec.a52_dynrng:1 in your xine
+    config file (or use some gui config dialog).
    
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 When I play this stream, xine shows video but there's no audio!
 
-Well, first try a different audio driver ( gxine -A oss , gxine -A arts , xine
--A alsa ...).
+If this happens with any video, first try a different audio driver (gxine -A
+oss, gxine -A arts, xine -A alsa ...).
 
 If this problem only occurs with one specific stream, maybe switching to a
 different audio channel (using the gui) helps. Some DVD streams have audio on
@@ -877,11 +853,7 @@ Can xine produce 4-/5-channel surround audio output?
 Yep, it can do that using OSS or ALSA drivers, provided that the driver
 supports it. On startup xine tells you what modes are supported by your audio
 driver, e.g:
-        audio_alsa_out : supported modes are mono stereo (4-channel not enabled
-          in xine config) (5-channel not enabled in xine config) (5.1-channel not
-          enabled in xine config) (a/52 and DTS pass-through not enabled in xine
-          config)
-      
+   audio_alsa_out : supported modes are mono stereo (4-channel not enabled in xine config) (5-channel not enabled in xine config) (5.1-channel not enabled in xine config) (a/52 and DTS pass-through not enabled in xine config)
 
 On this machine 4-channel surround would be possible. However, since xine
 cannot detect if there are actually speakers connected to the additional
@@ -890,16 +862,10 @@ channels, you'll have to activate that feature manually.
 You can do this either in the config dialog while xine is running (press the
 config button on the xine panel and go to the AUDIO tab) or have it the
 complicated way by editing the config file yourself which is located in your
-home directory in .gxine/.xine:
-        # 4-channel:
-          audio.four_channel:1
- 
-        # 5-channel:
-          audio.five_channel:1
-
-        # 5.1-channel
-          audio.five_lfe_channel:0
-      
+home directory in .gxine or .xine:
+   audio.four_channel:1
+   audio.five_channel:1
+   audio.five_lfe_channel:0
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -907,9 +873,8 @@ What about ac3 output via spdif to an external ac3 decoder?
 
 xine can do that too. Pretty much the same story as for 4-/5-channel surround
 (see above). You can either use the config dialog or edit the config file (~
-/.xine/config/~/.gxine/config) yourself:
-        audio.a52_pass_through:1
-      
+/.xine/config or ~/.gxine/config) yourself:
+   audio.a52_pass_through:1
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -927,87 +892,78 @@ Requirements
    
  2. OSS driver
    
- 3. An external decoder
+ 3. an external decoder
    
- 4. A cable to connect the SBLive to the external decoder
+ 4. a cable to connect the SBLive to the external decoder
    
-The configuration described was tested using the following equipment :
-Soundblaster live 5.1 (rev 7) Yamaha DSP-AX620 external decoder
+The configuration described was tested using a Soundblaster live 5.1 (rev 7)
+with a Yamaha DSP-AX620 external decoder.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-The OSS driver is maintained by creative and can be downloaded at http://
-opensource.creative.com/
+Retrieving the driver
 
-The driver package contains documentation on how to install it. Besides that
-I'd like to add the following notes.
+The OSS driver is maintained by creative and can be downloaded at http://
+opensource.creative.com/. The driver package contains documentation on how to
+install it. Besides that I'd like to add the following notes.
 
 In order to compile and install these drivers, you need a valid kernel
 configuration file. For RedHat Linux's pre-compiled kernels these configuration
-files can be found in /usr/src/linux/configs After you've located the correct
+files can be found in /usr/src/linux/configs. After you've located the correct
 config file for your kernel, you need to copy it to /usr/src/linux/.config For
 example, when you run the 2.4.18-i686 kernel do :
-         cp /usr/src/linux/configs/kernel-2.4.18-i686.config /usr/src/linux/.config
-       
+   cp /usr/src/linux/configs/kernel-2.4.18-i686.config /usr/src/linux/.config
 Make sure that the emu10k1 module that is currently installed is not loaded. To
-unload the modules :
-         /sbin/modprobe -rv emu10k1.o ac97_codec.o
-       
+unload the modules:
+   /sbin/modprobe -rv emu10k1.o ac97_codec.o
 If this mentions that the device is busy, some program is using the driver.
 Some example could be a mixer application or sound daemon like artsd. You'll
 need to close down the applications before continuing. At success it should
-print something like :
-         # delete emu10k1
-         # delete ac97_codec
-         # delete soundcore
-       
+print something like:
+   # delete emu10k1
+   # delete ac97_codec
+   # delete soundcore
 Run make in the directory where you unpacked the driver and follow the
 instructions printed at the end of each step. The last step should be:
-         make install-tools
-       
+   make install-tools
 As the README of the driver package mentions the SPDIF AC3 output doesn't work
 by default. In the directory utils/scripts an emu10k1.conf file can be found
 which need to be placed in the default installation directory (/usr/local/etc).
 After this the emu10k1.conf needs to be modified. The following settings worked
-fine for me (I don't use the analog outputs of the card) :
-         CARD_IS_5_1=yes
-         USE_DIGITAL_OUTPUT=yes
-         ENABLE_TONE_CONTROL=yes
-         AC3PASSTHROUGH=yes
-         ENABLE_LIVEDRIVE_IR=no
-         INVERT_REAR=no
-         MULTICHANNEL=yes
-         ROUTE_ALL_TO_SUB=no
-         ANALOG_FRONT_BOOST=no
-         SURROUND=no
-         PROLOGIC=no
-         ENABLE_CD_Spdif=yes  
-         ENABLE_OPTICAL_SPDIF=no 
-         ENABLE_LINE2_MIC2=no    
-         ENABLE_RCA_SPDIF=no     
-         ENABLE_RCA_AUX=no
-       
+fine for me (I don't use the analog outputs of the card):
+   CARD_IS_5_1=yes
+   USE_DIGITAL_OUTPUT=yes
+   ENABLE_TONE_CONTROL=yes
+   AC3PASSTHROUGH=yes
+   ENABLE_LIVEDRIVE_IR=no
+   INVERT_REAR=no
+   MULTICHANNEL=yes
+   ROUTE_ALL_TO_SUB=no
+   ANALOG_FRONT_BOOST=no
+   SURROUND=no
+   PROLOGIC=no
+   ENABLE_CD_Spdif=yes  
+   ENABLE_OPTICAL_SPDIF=no 
+   ENABLE_LINE2_MIC2=no    
+   ENABLE_RCA_SPDIF=no     
+   ENABLE_RCA_AUX=no
 After modifying the emu10k1.conf, you need to modify your /etc/modules.conf and
 make sure the following lines are in there.
-         alias sound-slot-0 emu10k1
-         post-install emu10k1 /usr/local/etc/emu-script
-       
+   alias sound-slot-0 emu10k1
+   post-install emu10k1 /usr/local/etc/emu-script
 After saving the changes to modules.conf, run
-         /sbin/depmod -a
-       
+   /sbin/depmod -a
 Now, you're ready to load the new modules and set the correct options for it.
-To load the modules run :
-         /sbin/modprobe emu10k1
-       
+To load the modules run:
+   /sbin/modprobe emu10k1
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Setting up xine for SPDIF (AC3_passthrough) output
 
-You can either use the config dialog or edit the config file (~/.xine/config2)
-yourself:
-         audio.a52_pass_through:1
-       
+You can either use the config dialog of your frontend or edit the config file
+(~/.xine/config) yourself:
+   audio.a52_pass_through:1
 In case the setting is not in the file you can add it.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1015,21 +971,21 @@ In case the setting is not in the file you can add it.
 The cable used for the SBLive can easily be self-made or buy a stereo 3.5mm
 jack to dual RCA cable.
 
-   What you need to make the cable yourself :
-   a) stereo 3.5mm jack plug
-   b) RCA plug
-   c) shielded cable (video coax 75 Ohm will do)
+What you need to make the cable yourself:
 
-   Connect them as follows :
+  * stereo 3.5mm jack plug
+   
+  * RCA plug
    
+  * shielded cable (video coax 75 Ohm will do)
+   
+Connect them as follows :
    center pin jackplug ------|----- center pin RCA plug
                    GND     __|__    GND
-      
 
 In order to test it use a DVD with AC3 or DTS track start xine and select the
 right audio track from user interface or start xine as:
-          xine dvd://1 -a 0 
-        
+   xine dvd:/1 -a 0
 The external decoder should display something like "Dolby Digital" in case the
 selected audio track contains AC3 data or "DTS" in case the selected audio
 track contains DTS data. Of course stereo audio also goes through the SPDIF
@@ -1095,7 +1051,7 @@ accurate and should be used only in emergency situations.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Chapter 6. Video related questions
+Video related questions
 
 I can hear the audio - but I don't see a picture!
 
@@ -1111,8 +1067,7 @@ How can I make xine use the Xv extension and what drivers do I need?
 xine will normally use Xv by default if it is available. In some cases you
 might need to choose Xv playback manually (when the ~/.xine/config file for
 some reason says that you want to use XShm):
-       xine -V Xv foo.mpg
-      
+   xine -V Xv foo.mpg
 
 If this doesn't work for you, it may be possible that Xv is not present on your
 system.
@@ -1131,7 +1086,7 @@ are some hints for individual gfx chips:
     xfree/experimental trident drivers (for the CyberBlade XP a driver exists
     here: http://www.xfree86.org/~alanh/ )
    
-  * nvidia: With newer GeForce cards, Xv should work with XFree 4.2.0 or newer,
+  * nVidia: With newer GeForce cards, Xv should work with XFree 4.2.0 or newer,
     for older RivaTNT cards use the binary drivers from nvidia (of course the
     binary drivers work as well for GeForce cards)
    
@@ -1143,7 +1098,7 @@ are some hints for individual gfx chips:
   * Permedia 2/3 has Xv support in XFree 4.x
    
   * Savage: at least some older drivers tend to lock up the whole machine, try
-    the drivers available from www.probo.com/timr/savage40.html .
+    the drivers available from http://www.probo.com/timr/savage40.html .
    
   * SIS: certain controllers (more info needed!) have Xv support in XFree 4.x
    
@@ -1156,7 +1111,7 @@ are some hints for individual gfx chips:
     Xfree 4.x
    
   * Matrox: G200 or newer (but not Parhelia) have Xv support in XFree 4.x. For
-    parhelia, use the binary only drivers available from matrox' website.
+    Parhelia, use the binary only drivers available from matrox' website.
    
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -1164,8 +1119,7 @@ Some parts of my X Desktop get transparent when xine plays the video!
 
 Looks like some colors on your GUI match the colorkey Xv uses. You can change
 the colorkey value to avoid this. There should be a line like:
-        video.XV_COLORKEY:2110
-      
+   video.XV_COLORKEY:2110
 in your ~/.xine/config file where you can change the color that's used by xine
 for the video overlay.
 
@@ -1180,8 +1134,7 @@ Try pressing "a" to change the aspect ratio.
 What is the difference between discarded and skipped frames?
 
 Sometimes xine will output a message like that:
-    200 frames delivered, XX frames skipped, YY frames discarded
-    
+   200 frames delivered, XX frames skipped, YY frames discarded
 
 The difference between these counters is a little subtle for the non developer.
 There are two threads running in order to display video: the decoder thread
@@ -1236,10 +1189,10 @@ drivers contain slow copies and accessing the video card directly may yield
 performance gains.
 
 Drivers that access hardware directly includes VIDIX (warning: requires root
-priviledges) and SyncFB (requires kernel helper - Matrox only). User may try
-one of those, but should be warned that with root access they can cause the
-system to crash hard. The support is also limited to a couple of graphics cards
-only.
+priviledges or kernel helper) and SyncFB (requires kernel helper - Matrox
+only). User may try one of those, but should be warned that with root access
+they can cause the system to crash hard. The support is also limited to a
+couple of graphics cards only.
 
 Graphic workstations like SGI have usually a good support for OpenGL. In that
 case, using OpenGL may be a better choice than XShm. However for most desktop
@@ -1247,22 +1200,18 @@ systems the performance of OpenGL will be quite bad.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Chapter 7. Error Messages: What they mean and what you can do
+Error Messages: What they mean and what you can do
 
 Starting xine fails with complains about audio drivers/devices!
 
 You can select the audio driver using the -A option. So try:
-        xine -A null
-      
+   xine -A null
 If you have ALSA drivers installed, try:
-        xine -A alsa
-      
+   xine -A alsa
 If you run ESD (not recommended), try:
-        xine -A esd
-      
+   xine -A esd
 If you run artsd, try:
-        xine -A arts
-      
+   xine -A arts
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -1271,11 +1220,10 @@ If you run artsd, try:
 You got the Xv extension, but your video card driver doesn't support it. First
 try to find a driver that does support Xv on your hardware (check your graphics
 card vendor). If your driver has Xv support but you can't get it working, try
-at a lower resolution (1024x768 is enough even for anamorphic mpeg-2).
+at a lower resolution (1024x768 is enough even for anamorphic DVDs).
 
 If all that fails, you can still use plain X11/XShm:
-        gxine -V XShm foo.vob
-      
+   gxine -V XShm foo.vob
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -1283,11 +1231,18 @@ If all that fails, you can still use plain X11/XShm:
 
 You probably don't have /dev/dvd (check that). If so, simply create a link /dev
 /dvd that points to your DVD device. Something like...
-        cd /dev
-        ln -s hdc dvd
-      
-...should do the job. Also make sure you have read access on the device the
-symlink points to. See the dvd playback section for more information.
+   ln -s hdc /dev/dvd
+...should do the job. Also make sure you have read and write access on the
+device the symlink points to. See the dvd playback section for more
+information.
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+My drive doesn't work and the kernel says "status=0x51 { DriveReady
+SeekComplete Error }"
+
+This error can be fixed by recompiling your kernel with the option "Use
+multi-mode by default" enabled in the IDE settings.
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -1321,8 +1276,7 @@ two possibilities. Either deactivate ESD (temporarily) by right clicking on the
 sound monitor applet and selecting "Place Esound in standby" or just kill it.
 Then xine will use OSS audio output. The other method is to make xine use ESD
 for audio output with:
-        gxine -A esd
-      
+   gxine -A esd
 This may result in worse playback - exact syncronization is not possible with
 esd, so using oss should be preferred.
 
@@ -1330,8 +1284,7 @@ If you are using KDE, there is the possibility that the aRts sound daemon is
 currently running and thus blocking your sound device. You can check that by
 starting the aRts control (in your KDE menu it should be under Multimedia). If
 it is running, you can either use the aRts audio output plugin:
-        gxine -A arts
-      
+   gxine -A arts
 Or you suspend the aRts daemon by checking the appropriate option in your aRts
 control. (recommended)
 
@@ -1375,15 +1328,15 @@ to help you and of course to fix this, we need some information. So, let's go
 through the checklist and maybe prepare a nice bug report for the xine-user
 mailing list:
 
-  * did xine really crash (segfault) or did it hang (deadlock) ?
+  * Did xine really crash (segfault) or did it hang (deadlock)?
    
-  * can you reproduce the bug? (e.g. do you remember what you did and when you
+  * Can you reproduce the bug? (e.g. do you remember what you did and when you
     do it again it crashes again?)
    
-  * is that a specific media file or format which crashes xine? (have you tried
+  * Is that a specific media file or format which crashes xine? (Have you tried
     other files types?)
    
-  * check the console output (and include it in a bug report), maybe earlier
+  * Check the console output (and include it in a bug report), maybe earlier
     there is some output that points to the problem.
    
   * Your X server just froze on you? unfortunately that's a known problem with
@@ -1395,7 +1348,7 @@ mailing list:
    
     Maybe at the time you read this, there's an XFree upgrade which fixes this
     for the Savage driver. If that works for you, please notify the xine crew
-    at < xine-user@lists.sf.net >, so they can update this FAQ!
+    at <xine-user@lists.sourceforge.net>, so they can update this FAQ!
    
   * Even though we try to make each release as bug free as possible, xine is
     still under heavy development (nice excuse, isn't it? *grin*).